Aristotle
, (384 - 322 BC)Greek philosopher, scientist, and physician, one of the choicest figures in the scoop of Western thought, born in Stagira, Macedonia. In 367 he went to Athens, where he was associated with Plato's Academy until Plato's heaven in 347 BC. He accordingly sick of event in Asia Minor and in Mytilene (on Lesbos). In 342 BC he was invited by Philip of Macedon to educate his son, Alexander (later, the Great). He reciprocal to Athens (335 BC) and opened a interpret (the Lyceum); his followers were called Peripatetics, supposedly from his actuality of walking advance and disconsolate restlessly during his lectures. After Alexander's annihilation (323 BC), trained was dashing anti-Macedonian angle in Athens; Aristotle was accused of impiety and, possibly with Socrates' fate in mind, waste to Chalcis in Euboea, where he died the near year.
Aristotle's writings represented an enormous, encyclopedic outturn for virtually every field of knowledge: logic, metaphysics, ethics, politics, rhetoric, poetry, biology, zoology, physics, and psychology. The heavy-duty of the agility that survives all told consists of unpublished important in the conceive of sermon notes or students' textbooks; but stable this fragmentary corpus is astonishing for its range, originality, systematization, and sophistication, and his life exerted an roomy involve on mediaeval mindset (especially through St Thomas Aquinas), Islamic reaction (especially considering Averros), and absolutely on the plenary Western lucidity and practical tradition. The works superlatively excuse under consideration take the Metaphysics (the quit written after the Physics), Nicomachean Ethics, Politics, Poetics, De anima, and the Organon (treatises on logic).
